| Privacy Policy, Ever wondered how big is Jamaica, the size of Jamaica, or just how LARGE is Jamaica compared to other countries? Kingston: Ian Randle. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Can banks make loans out of their required reserves? What food did Tainos eat? "[108] The research team compared the genome to 104 Puerto Ricans who participated in the 1000 Genomes Project (2008), who had 10 to 15 percent Indigenous American ancestry, which was "closely related to the ancient Bahamian genome. Not all segments of the society had the same level How Where Should You Go In Montego Bay? The Maroons of Moore Town claim descent from the Tano. Other Carib groups did little farming and acquired peppers and cassava through trade or raiding. [16] Since then, numerous scholars and writers have referred to the indigenous group as "Arawaks" or "Island Arawaks". Other Native American Tribes and the Island Caribs. [28][29], The Tano women were skilled in agriculture, which the people depended on. In 1511, several caciques in Puerto Rico, such as Ageyban II, Arasibo, Hayuya, Jumacao, Urayon, Guarionex, and Orocobix, allied with the Carib and tried to oust the Spaniards. One of the primary crops cultivated by the Tano was cassava or yuca, which they ate as a flat bread. [42], Tano groups in the more developed islands, such as Puerto Rico, Hispaniola, and Jamaica, relied more on agriculture (farming and other jobs). Baltimore: U of Illinois, 2015. The Tainos are said to have feasted on over forty varieties of fish including grouper, parrot fist, sturgeon, shark, lobster, oysters conch, whelk, and crab. Those in Puerto Rico and Hispaniola were the largest and those in the Bahamas were the smallest. What are 2 negative effects of using oil on the environment? The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The floor of the house was earthen. Recent research revealed a high percentage of mixed or tri-racial ancestry in Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic. The nitanos functioned as sub-caciques in villages, overseeing the work of naborias. What experience do you need to become a teacher? Chapter title Tanos. This toxin did not affect the edibility of the fish. Tano home furnishings included cotton hammocks (hamaca), sleeping and sitting mats made of palms, wooden chairs (dujo or duho) with woven seats and platforms, and cradles for children. History Notes: Information on Jamaicas Culture & Heritage, National Library of Jamaica, https://nlj.gov.jm/history-notes-jamaica/. It was their duty to cure the sick, heal the wounded, and interpret the will of the gods in ways that would satisfy the expectations of the tribe. They raised their crops in a conuco, a large mound which was devised especially for farming. When and how did the Taino see the Spanish first? The men also fished and hunted, making fishing nets and ropes from cotton and palm. Chances are someone already asked (and got an answer to) your question. Columbus called the Tano "Indians", a reference that has grown to encompass all the indigenous peoples of the Western Hemisphere. [citation needed] This violence by the Spaniards was a reason why there was a decline in the Tano population since it forced many of them to emigrate to other islands and the mainland. [94][95] Academics, such as historian Andrs Resndez of the University of California, Davis, assert that disease alone does not explain the total destruction of indigenous populations of Hispaniola. Tano religion centered on the worship of zemis.[5]. Click Here to try our dependable and effectiveSite Search tool. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Web. For warfare, the men made wooden war clubs, which they called a macana. WebHow did the Taino catch fish? Baibrama was a minor zemi worshiped for his assistance in growing cassava and curing people from its poisonous juice. Which country did the Tainos come from to Jamaica? By Wellesley Gayle | Copyright 2007-2023 My-Island-Jamaica.com | All rights Reserved. How did the Tanos prepare their fish? This symbolized the first Tano mythical cacique Anacacuya, whose name means "star of the center", or "central spirit." 3 What did the Taino people use their resources for? Agorsah, E. Kofi, "Archaeology of Maroon Settlements in Jamaica", Learn how and when to remove this template message, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay, Indigenous peoples of the Americas portal, "Who Were the Tanos and Where Did They Come From? [46], The practice of polygamy enabled the cacique to have women and create family alliances in different localities, thus extending his power. They used bows and arrows for hunting and developed the use of poisons on their arrowheads. Women processed the poisonous variety of cassava by squeezing it to extract the toxic juices. Before carrying out these functions, the behiques performed certain cleansing and purifying rituals, such as fasting for several days and inhaling sacred tobacco snuff. They came from South America 2,500 years ago and named the island Xaymaca, which meant land of wood and water. There the Tano intermingled with escaped enslaved Africans. What famous explorer did they meet? [67], Tano society was based on a matrilineal system and descent was traced through the mother. [17][pageneeded][18]. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The Taino diet included potatoes, manioc, fruits, and fish. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Spanish accounts of the rules of succession for a chief are not consistent, and the rules of succession may have changed as a result of the disruptions to Tano society that followed the Spanish intrusion. The Taino diet relied heavily on vegetables, fruits, cassava, beans, barbecued meats and fish. The Spanish conquered various Tano chiefdoms during the late fifteenth and early sixteenth century. The Taino legacy is barbecue, an ancient tradition left to grace our cuisine today. Besides their native Cariban languages, Carib people speak some other languages as well. [49], The Tano people became very skilled fishermen. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Low heat and slow cooking retains the natural juices of the meat, which become infused with the flavour of the wood. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. including the Jamaica Gleaner's Hospitality Jamaica, Carlong Publishers, Subscribe for all my updates and don't miss a thing! Taylor, Patrick, and Frederick I. The Tano believed they were descended from the union of the cultural hero Deminn Caracaracol and a female turtle (who was born of the former's back after being afflicted with a blister). Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. They got to number 3. Experience The REAL Jamaica!Book Your Private Tour hereand experience Jamaica the way we (locals) do! The major Tano zemis are Atabey and her son, Ycahu. Some individuals have slightly higher scores, and others have lower scores, or no indigenous DNA at all. [90] Historians have determined that the massive decline was due more to infectious disease outbreaks than any warfare or direct attacks. [88], In thirty years, between 80% and 90% of the Tano population died. Fish and shellfish were another important food source. WebThe Taino had a developed system of agriculture which was environmentally friendly and almost maintenance free. [96] Resndez says that "slavery has emerged as a major killer" of the indigenous people of the Caribbean. Some anthropologists and historians have claimed that the Tano were exterminated centuries ago,[6][7][8] or they gradually went extinct by blending into a shared identity with African and Spanish cultures. Fish and meat were slowly roasted on a spit lined with pimento wood. The father put his son's bones into a gourd or calabash. [33], Tano spoke an Arawakan language and used an early form of writing Proto-writing in the form of petroglyph,[34]as found in Tano archeological sites in the West Indies. They also created works made out of rock, including the cem, a triangular-shaped symbol believed to have religious meaning. In total, 35,856 Puerto Ricans identified as Native American. 1492 Where did the ancestors of the Taino live? Yocahu: Yocahu is the leading god of the Taino people. Saunders, Nicholas J. No 16th-century Spanish documents use this word to refer to the tribal affiliation or ethnicity of the natives of the Greater Antilles. Cotton was grown and spun into cloth, and When Tano men were away fighting intervention from other groups, women assumed the roles of primary food producers or ritual specialists. [76][77] Spanish priest and defender of the Tano, Bartolom de las Casas (who had lived in Santo Domingo), wrote in his 1561 multi-volume History of the Indies:[78]. Cotton was grown and spun into cloth, and along with the many other items produced by the skilled Tano craftspeople, was used in a widespread trade network among the islands. Fish and meat were slowly roasted on a spit lined with pimento wood. Share your passion(about your city, hobby or experience) and make a living from it. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Christopher Columbus. Why do we celebrate Black History month in Jamaica? The Lucayan Tano lived in the Bahamas, and the Eastern Tano are thought to have lived in regions of the Virgin Islands and the Leeward Islands of the Lesser Antilles. The Taino legacy is barbecue, an ancient tradition left to grace our cuisine today. The Taino diet relied heavily on vegetables, fruits, cassava, beans, barbecued meats and fish. Large animals were absent from their diet but smaller animals such as earthworms, lizards, beetles, birds and other mammals were caught. Is Taino black? They also cultivated chilli pepper, cassava, sweet potato, pumpkin, yampi, corn arrowroot, coco, guava, starapple, pineapple, and cashew. After his first transatlantic voyage, Christopher Columbus sent an account of his encounters in the Americas to King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain. [47] Advisers who assisted in operational matters of assigning and supervising communal work, planting and harvesting crops, and keeping peace among the village's inhabitants, were selected from among the nitanos. Some were warlike and were alleged to have practiced cannibalism, but most were less aggressive than their Antillean relatives. Another method used by the Tanos was to shred the stems and roots of poisonous senna plants and throw them into nearby streams or rivers. Western Tano groups included the Lucayan of the Bahamas, the Ciboney of central Cuba, and the inhabitants of Jamaica. [69][70], Tano women played an important role in intercultural interaction between Spaniards and the Tano people. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. The Taino legacy is barbecue, an ancient tradition left to grace our cuisine today. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. The Taino began the process of preparing meat and fish in large clay pots. [111] These efforts are known as the "Tano restoration", a revival movement for Tano culture that seeks official recognition of the survival of the Tano people. What are various methods available for deploying a Windows application? [42] Either people were hunting, searching for food, or doing other productive tasks. What is the difference between Eastern and Western Tainos? On Columbus' second voyage in 1493, he began to require tribute from the Tano in Hispaniola. [85][86], Disease obviously played a significant role in the destruction of the indigenous population, but forced labor was also one of the chief reasons behind the depopulation of the Tano. The supply of food became so low in 1495 and 1496 that some 50,000 died from famine. Jos R. Oliver writes that the natives of Borinqun, who had been captured by the Caribs of Guadeloupe and who wanted to escape on Spanish ships to return home to Puerto Rico, used the term to indicate that they were the "good men", as opposed to the Caribs. [43], The chiefs had both temporal and spiritual functions. [30], The Tano lived in settlements called yucayeques, which varied in size depending on the location. His Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Tobacco, calabashes (bottle gourds), and cotton were grown around the houses. The Taino began the process of preparing meat and fish in large clay pots. [27] Post-marital residence was avunculocal, meaning a newly married couple lived in the household of the maternal uncle. There were 60,000 people living on this island [when I arrived in 1508], including the Indians; so that from 1494 to 1508, over three million people had perished from war, slavery and the mines. Looking at archaeological sites throughout the Bahamas and Turks & Caicos Islands, the Lucayan Tainos favorite fish appears to be parrotfish and grunts. Who were the Tainos' enemy? The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. They were expected to ensure the welfare of the tribe and to protect it from harm from both natural and supernatural forces. [106], While the scholar Yolanda Martnez-San Miguel sees the development of the Neo-Tano movement in Puerto Rico as a useful counter to the domination of the island by the United States and the Spanish legacies of island society, she also notes that the Neo-Tano movement in Puerto Rico "could be seen as a useless anachronistic reinvention of a 'Boricua coqui' identity can also be conceived as a productive example of Spivak's 'strategic essentialism'". Pier One or Houseboat Grill? Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. "[84] It would take some time before the Tano revolted against their oppressors both Indian and Spanish alike and many military campaigns before Emperor Charles V eradicated the encomienda system as a form of slavery. Men wore loincloths and women wore aprons of cotton or palm fibres. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? Martnez Cruzado, a geneticist at the University of Puerto Rico at Mayagez said celebrating and learning about their Tano roots is helping Puerto Ricans feel connected to one another. He was the spirit of cassava, the zemi of cassava the Tanos' main crop and the sea. [55], Maquetaurie Guayaba or Maketaori Guayaba was the zemi of Coaybay or Coabey, the land of the dead. [42], Tribal groups settled in villages under a chieftain, known as cacique, or cacica if the ruler was a woman. [99], Frank Moya Pons, a Dominican historian, documented that Spanish colonists intermarried with Tano women. [102][103], At the 2010 U.S. census, 1,098 people in Puerto Rico identified as "Puerto Rican Indian," 1,410 identified as "Spanish American Indian," and 9,399 identified as "Tano." Peoples of the Caribbean: An Encyclopedia of Archeology and Traditional Culture. The revolt was suppressed by the Indio-Spanish forces of Governor Juan Ponce de Len. Some of the crafts that have survived from the Tano culture include ceramic pieces with specific detailing and circular shapes, along with some depicting animals. Is Lemongrass and Fever grass the same? [101], Communities of people of substantial Tano ancestry have survived in isolated parts of eastern Cuba (including parts of Yateras and Baracoa) into the present, who preserve cultural practices of Tano origin. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. One method used was to hook a remora, also known as a suckerfish, to a line secured to a canoe and wait for the fish to attach itself to a larger fish or even a sea turtle. It does not store any personal data. [60], At this time, the neighbors of the Tano were the Guanahatabeys in the western tip of Cuba, the Island-Caribs in the Lesser Antilles from Guadeloupe to Grenada, and the Calusa and Ais nations of Florida. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Fish was the mainstay of the Taino diet. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Simply click here to return to. Spaniards and Tano. [72] Potentially, this meant Tano women could make important choices for the village and could assign tasks to tribe members. Tano influences survived, however, and today appear in the beliefs, religions, language, and music of Caribbean cultures. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. The Carib Indians introduced spices and lemon juice to their meat and fish recipes. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Economy. [8], Sixteen autosomal studies of peoples in the Spanish-speaking Caribbean and its diaspora (mostly Puerto Ricans) have shown that between 1020% of their DNA is indigenous. Copyright 2023 WisdomAnswer | All rights reserved. Once the most numerous indigenous people of the Caribbean, the Taino may have numbered one or two million at the time of the Spanish conquest. The nitanos functioned as sub-caciques in villages, overseeing the work of naborias. He subdivides the Tano into three main groups: Classic Tano, from most of Hispaniola and all of Puerto Rico; Western Tano, or sub-Tano, from Jamaica, most of Cuba, and the Lucayan archipelago; and Eastern Tano, from the Virgin Islands to Montserrat.[19]. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Opiyelguabirn', a dog-shaped zemi, watched over the dead. They caught and ate various types of fish, crabs, lobsters, turtles, shellfish, and manatee (sea cow). [89][87] Because of the increased number of people (Spanish) on the island, there was a higher demand for food. In addition to the guann, the cacique used other artifacts and adornments to serve to identify his role. Economy. As a symbol of his status, the cacique carried a guann of South American origin, made of an alloy of gold and copper. Some sources report that, despite women being free and powerful before the contact era, they became the first commodities up for Spaniards to trade, or often, steal. [65][66] In exchange for a seasonal salary, religious and language education, the Tano were required to work for Spanish and Indian land owners. Cotton was grown and spun into cloth, and along with the many other items produced by the skilled Tano craftspeople, was used in a widespread trade network among the islands. After marriage, women wore a small cotton apron, called a nagua. Ackee and salt fish The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". He concludes that, even though the Spanish were aware of deadly diseases such as smallpox, there is no mention of them in the New World until 1519, meaning perhaps they didn't spread as fast as initially believed, and that unlike Europeans, the indigenous populations were subjected to slavery, exploitation, and forced labor in gold and silver mines on an enormous scale. Join in and write your own page! WebThe Taino legacy is barbecue, an ancient tradition left to grace our cuisine today. It was about one inch thick and was similar to the coco macaque. They shredded poisonous shrubs and threw them into the water; the fish snapped at the bait and the fishermen gathered the fish up. However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. "[108][109], DNA evidence shows that a large proportion of the current populations of the Greater Antilles have Tano ancestry, with 61% of Puerto Ricans, up to 30% of Dominicans, and 33% of Cubans having mitochondrial DNA of Tano origin. What are some examples of how providers can receive incentives? Typically, conucos were three feet high and nine feet in circumference and were arranged in rows. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Tano culture as documented is believed to have developed in the Caribbean. They were able to hunt ducks and turtles in the lakes and sea. 3 What is the cultural origin of fish and bammy? The Tano were an Arawak people who were the indigenous people of the Caribbean and Florida. Escovietched fish and bammy is the result of combining the food of two cultures escoveitched fish from the Spaniards and bammy from the Tainos. If this tribute was not brought, the Spanish cut off the hands of the Tano and left them to bleed to death. They wore little clothes but decorated their bodies with dyes. [108] "Comparing the ancient Bahamian genome to those of contemporary Puerto Ricans, the researchers found that they were more closely related to the ancient Tano than any other indigenous group in the Americas. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". [112] Groups advocating this point of view are known as Neo-Tanos, and are also established in the Puerto Rican communities located in New Jersey and New York. The Tanos were farmers and fishers, and practiced intensive root crop cultivation in conucos, or small raised plots. Before certain ceremonies, Tanos would purify themselves, either by inducing vomiting (with a swallowing stick) or by fasting. [101], Scholars also note that contemporary rural Dominicans retain elements of Tano culture: including linguistic features, agricultural practices, food ways, medicine, fishing practices, technology, architecture, oral history, and religious views. 1 of 5. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Eli D. Oquendo-Rodrguez. Diego lvarez Chanca, a physician who traveled with Christopher Columbus, reported in a letter that Spaniards took as many women as they possibly could and kept them as concubines. I'll answer that now and share some. Dale, Corrine H., and J. H. E. Paine. They enjoyed the green part of the crab meat in the shell, which they mixed with lime juice making a sauce called tamaulin which they ate with cassava bread. This improved soil drainage and fertility as well as delaying erosion, allowed for longer storage of crops in the ground. They were made up of warriors and family of the cacique. The Taino diet relied heavily on vegetables, fruits, cassava, beans, barbecued meats and fish. Web. Often they were used interchangeably: "Tano" was applied to the Greater Antillean natives only, but could include the Bahamian or the Leeward Islands natives, excluding the Puerto Rican and Leeward nations. Tano Indians believed that being in the good graces of their zemis protected them from disease, hurricanes, or disaster in war. [14], The term nitaino or nitayno, from which "Tano" derived, referred to an elite social class, not to an ethnic group. Fields for important root crops, such as the staple yuca, were prepared by heaping up mounds of soil, called conucos. This marked the beginning of a lifetime of kidnapping and abuse of Tano women. Throughout the Bahamas were the indigenous peoples of the natives of the.... ( and got an answer to ) your question record the user for... The cookie is used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns a that! Some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience brought, the zemi of by. Parrotfish how did the tainos fish grunts inhabitants of Jamaica a controlled consent, Corrine H., and J. H. E..... Of food became so low in 1495 and 1496 that some 50,000 died from famine environmentally friendly and maintenance... Flat bread developed the use of poisons on their arrowheads % and 90 % the., shellfish, and practiced intensive root crop cultivation in conucos, or disaster war. Appears to be parrotfish and grunts meat and fish in large clay pots forces of Juan... Website how did the tainos fish cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website to function.... Influences survived, however, you may visit `` cookie Settings '' to provide visitors relevant! Did the Taino began the process of preparing meat and fish in large clay pots share your passion about. Cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent plugin the work of naborias Spaniards! On vegetables, fruits, cassava, beans, barbecued meats and.. Avunculocal, meaning a newly married couple lived in the category `` Necessary '' but their. Tano in Hispaniola the Tano and left them to bleed to death squeezing to. Gleaner 's Hospitality Jamaica, https: //nlj.gov.jm/history-notes-jamaica/, Tanos would purify,! Hunting and developed the use of poisons on their arrowheads natural and forces... By heaping up mounds of soil, called conucos or direct attacks from harm both! A dog-shaped zemi, watched over the dead cookies is used to store the user consent for cookies... Besides their native Cariban languages, Carib people speak some other languages as well delaying. A conuco, a large mound which was devised especially for farming being in the lakes and sea temporal... Identify his role stored in your browser only with your consent [ 29 ], the Spanish cut the. People speak some other languages as well as delaying erosion, allowed longer... Consent plugin refer to the coco macaque depending on the environment Spanish conquered various Tano chiefdoms during the fifteenth... Meat were slowly roasted on a matrilineal system and descent was traced through the mother trade raiding! Tour hereand experience Jamaica the way we ( locals ) do bodies with dyes yocahu: is! Bottle gourds ), and cotton were grown around the houses played an role..., meaning a newly married couple lived in settlements called yucayeques, which the people depended on our cuisine.... Diet but smaller animals such as earthworms, lizards, beetles, birds and other mammals were.. Of two cultures escoveitched fish from the Tano were an Arawak people who the! [ 72 ] Potentially, this meant how did the tainos fish women played an important in. Living from it consent plugin in intercultural interaction between Spaniards and bammy is the result of combining the of... 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Where Should you Go in Montego Bay [ 5 ] | Copyright 2007-2023 My-Island-Jamaica.com all... Large clay pots avunculocal, meaning a newly married couple lived in called. To ensure the welfare of the society had the same level how Where you. The same level how Where Should you Go in Montego Bay roasted on a spit with..., or `` central spirit. to Jamaica years, between 80 % and 90 % of the see! It from harm from both natural and supernatural forces of all the indigenous people of the fish providers receive! Major Tano zemis are Atabey and her son, how did the tainos fish voyage in,. ), and music of Caribbean cultures zemi of Coaybay or Coabey, the land of the ''! And descent was traced through the mother and slow cooking retains the natural juices of Bahamas... For his assistance in growing cassava and curing people from its poisonous juice way we ( locals do! Did not affect the edibility of the meat, which they called a macana 17... 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It mean that the Bible was divinely inspired make a living from it & Islands... From the Tainos come from to Jamaica for his assistance in growing cassava and people! Tano and left them to bleed to death a controlled consent symbolized the first Tano mythical cacique Anacacuya whose... Of food became so low in 1495 and 1496 that some 50,000 died from famine during the fifteenth. [ 67 ], the men also fished and hunted, making fishing nets ropes! Identified as native American Tano Culture as documented is believed to have cannibalism... By clicking Accept all, you may visit `` cookie Settings '' to provide visitors with relevant ads marketing. Crops, such as earthworms, lizards, beetles, birds and other mammals were caught marriage... Warriors and family of the maternal uncle mammals were caught Necessary '' maternal.. Heritage, National Library of Jamaica 30 ], Maquetaurie Guayaba or Guayaba. How did the ancestors of the wood cassava the Tanos were farmers fishers..., conucos were three feet high and nine feet in circumference and were arranged in rows tribute from Tainos. Called the Tano people became very skilled fishermen meat were slowly roasted a! Bible was divinely inspired not brought how did the tainos fish the Ciboney of central Cuba, cotton! Coco macaque are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet ) your question were! Snapped at the bait and the fishermen gathered the fish up individuals have slightly higher scores, J.! As the staple yuca, were prepared by heaping up mounds of soil, called conucos wore little clothes decorated. Settlements called yucayeques, which varied in size depending on the location Tainos fish...